vertabrates

The Vertebrates
See also Solnhofen, Fish & Pleistocene(Mammals) sections for more Vertebrates.
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Vertebrates:
Vertebrates are all the animals with a backbone: the fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. The oldest fossils of a vertebrate are small black phosphatic fragments of bone from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, US. It is assumed that they belonged to a jawless fish. The backbone provides support for the muscles that helped early vertebrates swim through their aquatic environment in search of food. In the Silurian the first fishes with jaws appeared. The development of jaws and teeth was very important for the vertebrates, because it meant they could eat more different kinds of food than jawless animals. A lot of different carnivores arose, which in turn forced their prey to improve the ability to flee. An even more important event in the history of life occurred in the Devonian, when some fishes moved onto land to evolve into amphibians. The amphibians in turn evolved into reptiles in the Carboniferous, and these into mammals in the Triassic and birds in the Jurassic.
Bibliography:
A short history of vertebrate palaeontology, E. Buffetaut, 1987, Chapman & Hall (London, UK)
Vertebrate palaeontology and evolution, R.L. Carroll, 1987, Freeman & Co (San Francisco, US)
Origin of vertebrates, H. Gee, 1996, Chapman & Hall (London, UK)
Vertebrate palaeontology, M.J. Benton, 2000, Blackwell Science Ltd. (Oxford, UK)
Vertebrate palaeontology (3^rd ed.), M.J. Benton, 2005, Blackwell Publishing (Oxford, UK)
Monograph of the fossil Reptilia of the Cretaceous Formations, R. Owen, 1851, The Paleontographical Society (London, UK)

For a larger image please click on the photo!

Sarcosuchus imperator #SI5328 African Large Crocodilian nice Armour plate, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 4.8 inch / 12cm Price: Euro
	Sarcosuchus imperator #SI5129 African Large Crocodilian nice Armour plate, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 3.2 inch / 8cm Price: Euro 35.--
Syntarsus spec. #SP5330 Coprolites Triassic, 210 million years old Holy Cross Mnts., Poland Size biggest: 1.24 inch / 3.1 cm Price: Euro 20.--
	Syntarsus spec. #SP5331 Coprolites Triassic, 210 million years old Holy Cross Mnts., Poland Size biggest: 1.28 inch / 3.2 cm Price: Euro 20.--
Syntarsus spec. #SP5332 Coprolites Triassic, 210 million years old Holy Cross Mnts., Poland Size biggest: 1.28 inch / 3.2 cm Price: Euro 20.--
	Sclerocephalus haeuseri #SP5210 Marvelous Amphibian skeleton Old Collection, Altfund No Restoration. Permian, Rotliegendes, 285 million years old Jeckenbacher kalkstein, Pfalz, Germany Size plate: 96.5 by 41 cm Size skeleton: 71.5 cm Price: Euro
	Caretta spec. #AM5302 Partial Sea turtle skull, lower jaw and bones, 5% restoration Including several fish vertebras Maastrichtian, Cretaceous 65.6 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size matrix: 10.6 by 7.2 inch / 26.5 by 18cm Price: Euro 80.--

Palaeophis cf. maghrebianus #SM5173 12 African Sea Snake vertebrae, No restoration Several specimens Maastrichtian, Cretaceous 65.6 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size average: 0.4 inch / 1cm Price: Euro 120.--
	Phosphatosaurus gavialoidus #PM5170 Nice Crocodile Jaw piece, juvenile specimen Early Eocene 48 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size: 5.6 inch / 14.5 cm Price : Euro 40.--
Phosphatosaurus gavialoidus #PM5171 Nice Crocodile Jaw piece Early Eocene 48 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size: 4.2 inch / 10.5 cm Price : Euro 50.--
	Rebbachisaurus spec. #RM5127 African Sauropod Pelvis Fragment with severe Theropod BITE marks on the right Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 8 by 6.8 inch / 20 by 17cm Price: Euro 250.--
Carcharodontosaurus saharicus #CS5128 African Theropod nice half of Foot bone, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 4.4 inch / 11cm Price: Euro
	Carcharodontosaurus saharicus #CS5129 African Theropod nice Tail Vertebra, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 2.8 inch / 7cm Price: Euro 75.--
Sarcosuchus imperator #SI5132 African Large Crocodilian nice Tooth, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1.4 inch / 3.5cm Price: Euro 30.--
Siroccopteryx moroccensis #SM5134 African Pterosaur nice Tooth, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 0.8 inch / 2cm Price: Euro 30.--
	Rebbachisaurus spec. #RM5135 African Sauropod nice Tooth, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1.52 inch / 3.8cm Price: Euro 35.--
Rebbachisaurus spec. #RM5136 African Sauropod nice Tooth, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1.8 inch / 4.5cm Price: Euro 35.--

	Carcharodontosaurus saharicus #CS5137 African Theropod nice Tooth, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1.4 inch / 3.5cm Price: Euro

Carcharodontosaurus saharicus #CS5139 African Theropod nice Tooth, Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 2.8 inch / 7cm Price: Euro 120.--

	Bahariasaurus spec. #BM5141 African Spinosaur nice Tooth Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1 inch / 2.5cm Price: Euro 20.--

Bahariasaurus spec. #BM5143 African Spinosaur nice Tooth Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 0.8 inch / 2cm Price: Euro 30.--
	Deltadromeus cf. agilis #DC5145 African Raptor/Ceratosaur nice Foot bone, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1.6 inch / 4cm Price: Euro 170.--
Deltadromeus cf. agilis #DC5146 African Raptor/Ceratosaur nice Foot bone, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1.48 inch / 3.7cm Price: Euro 150.--
	Deltadromeus cf. agilis #DC5147 African Raptor/Ceratosaur nice Vertebra, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1 inch / 2.5cm Price: Euro 60.--
Deltadromeus cf. agilis #DC5148 African Raptor/Ceratosaur nice Vertebra, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 1 inch / 2.5cm Price: Euro 60.--
Confuciusornis sanctus #CB5032 Old Collection, Some minor Glue/Crack filling otherwise all original and with feather impression Juvenile specimen. L. Cretaceous, L. Aptian, 120-125 Million years old Yixian formation, Liaoning, China Size plate: 19 by 14 cm Size longest span: 5.6 inch / 14 cm Price: Euro 3200.--
	Casea spec. #Tex002 Set of bones 1 Femur, 1 Vertebra and 2 Claws RARE Permian, Arroyo form. 280 million years old Northern Archer County, Texas Size femur left: 0.88 inch / 2.2 cm Price for the set: Euro150.--
Eryops spec. #Tex004 Set of Toe bones RARE Permian, Arroyo form. 280 million years old Northern Archer County, Texas Size biggest: 0.32 inch / 0.8 cm Price for the set: Euro 50.--
	Eryops spec. #Tex005 Set of 2 Claw cores and 1 Tooth RARE Permian, Lueders Limestone, Wagoner Ranch form. 280 million years old Archer County, Texas Size tooth: 0.4 inch / 1 cm Price for the set: Euro 150.--
Ophiacodon spec. #Tex006 Set of 3 Claws and 2 Teeth RARE Permian, Kemp limestone with Fissile Red clay 280 million years old Lake Kemp, Baylor county, Texas Size tooth: 0.52 inch / 1.3 cm Price for the set: Euro100.--
Batrachichnus delicatulus #BD5005 Amphibian footprint track. Pos/Neg. Old collection L. Permian, Rotliegendes, 280 million years old Heuco Formation, New Mexico Size 1 print: 0.6 inch / 1.5 cm wide Size matrix: 5 by 7 cm Price: Eur 50.--
	Dimetropus nicolasi #DN5006 Reptilian footprint track. Pos/Neg. Old collection L. Permian, Rotliegendes, 280 million years old Heuco Formation, New Mexico Size 1 print: 1 inch / 2.5 cm wide Size matrix: 8 by 5.5 cm Price: Eur 50.--
	Crocodillus cf. spenceri #CN5018 Nice Tooth Early Eocene 48 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size: 1.92 inch / 4.8 cm Price : Euro

	Hyphalosaurus lingyuanensis #SH0945 Asian water lizard, collected 1990! Superb specimen! Crack repairs otherwise no restoration Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) 125 million years old Lingyuan, Yixian Formation, Liaoning Province, Northeast China Size Matrix: 55.5 by 21 cm Size span: 18.2 inch / 45.5 cm Price: Euro 1650.--
	Squalodon cf. atlanticus #SA0844 Partial lower right jaw of this RARE Sharktoothed whale Oligocene, 28 million years old Summerville, South Carolina Size: 2.6 and 7.2 inch total / 6.5cm and 18cm total Price : Euro

Edmontosaurus annectens #EA0613 Duckbill Dinosaur, Left Lower jaw, No restoration Hell Creek Formation Cretaceous 66 million years old Harding County, South Dakota, U.S.A. Size: 8.8 inch / 22 cm Price: Euro 950.--

	Tyto cf. alba #CO0607 Barn owl lower jaw Well this is another VERY rare and complete specimen. It is for sure a lower jaw of a bird of prey. Probably one of the first specimen ever offered from this age and era. Pleistocene 45.000 years old Karpatian mountains / Roumania Size Skull: 0.8 inch / 2 cm Price: Euro 140.--
Carcharodontosaurus saharicus #474 Large African T-rex tooth, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 3.2 inch / 8cm Price: Euro 300.--
	Spinosaurus spec. #SM973 African Spinosaurus excellent tooth, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 2.6 inch / 6.5cm Price: Euro
	Spinosaurus spec. #SM975 African Spinosaurus excellent tooth, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 2.52 inch / 6.3cm Price: Euro 75.--
	Suchomimus spec. #SU977 African Dinosaurus tooth, No restoration Tegana Formation (Campian) Cretaceous 95 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size: 3.2 inch / 8cm Price: Euro 80.--
Hyphalosaurus lingyuanensis #SH316 Asian water lizard, collected 1990! Some restoration + repair on cracks. Juvenile specimen Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) 125 million years old Lingyuan, Yixian Formation, Liaoning Province, Northeast China Size span: 2.8 inch / 7 cm Price: Euro 120.--ON HOLD
	Branchiosaurus caducus #BC090 Amphibian, Temnospondyli, Archegosauroidea, Actinodontidae . No Restoration Old Collection, Altfund WITH SKIN IMPRESSION Permian, Rotliegendes, 285 million years old Niederkirchen, Pfalz, Germany Size plate: 8 by 7.2 inch / 20 by 18 cm Size biggest : 6 inch / 15 cm Price: Euro 225.--
	Letoverpeton moravicum #102 Amphibia, Labyrinthodont, Branchiosaurus, Discosaurus. Permian, Rotliegendes, 285 million years old Bacov, Mouravia, Czech Republic Size plate: 8.8 by 7.2 inch / 22 by 18 cm Size fossil: 5.6 inch / 14 cm Price: Eur 150.--
	Letoverpeton/Discosauriscus austriacus #55 Amphibia,Labyrinthodont, Branchiosaurus, Discosaurus Permian, Rotliegendes, 285 million years old Bacov, Mouravia, Czech Republic Size fossil: 4.4 inch / 11 cm Price: Eur
	Letoverpeton/Discosauriscus austriacus #2 Labyrinthodont, Branchosaurid, Discosaurid Amphibian, 2 specimen Permian, 285 Million years old Bachov, East Czech Republic Size : 4 & 7.75 inch /10 & 19 cm Price: Eur 150.--
	Globidens aegypticus #GA003 Upper Cretaceous 66 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size tooth: 0.76 inch / 1.9 cm Price : Euro 20.--
Globidens aegypticus #GA004 Upper Cretaceous 66 million years old Khouribga, Morocco Size tooth: 0.64 inch / 1.6 cm Price : Euro 20.--
Carcharodontosaurus saharensis #CS005 African T-rex tooth, No restoration Tegana Formation (Albian) Cretaceous 110 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size : 1.72 inch / 4.3 cm Price: Euro
	Deltadromeus cf. agilis #RS011 African Raptor tooth, No restoration Tegana Formation (Albian) Cretaceous 110 million years old Kem Kem Beds, Morocco Size : 0.68 inch / 1.7 cm Price: Euro 30.--

Nothosaurus spec. #511 Multiple Nothosaurus fossils incl. 2 teeth on 1 plate. photo above and right No rest. Triassic, Muschelkalk 215 million years old Holy Cross Mnts., Poland Size teeth: 0.36 and 0.24 inch / 0.9 and 0.6 cm Size plate: 10 by 3.6 inch / 25 by 9 cm Price: Euro 95.--